The great history of Spain.

 E Spanish transition to democracy or new Bourbon restoration changed into the technology whilst Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to a liberal democratic nation. The transition started with Franco's demise on 20 November 1975, even as its final touch is marked through the electoral victory of the socialist PSOE on 28 October 1982.

Under its contemporary (1978) charter, Spain is a constitutional monarchy. It comprises 17 independent groups (Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castile and León, Castile–La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, La Rioja, Community of Madrid, Region of Murcia, Basque Country, Valencian Community, and Navarre) and a couple of independent cities (Ceuta and Melilla). Between 1978 and 1982, Spain become led by the Unión del Centro Democrático governments. In 1981 the 23-F coup d'état strive passed off. On 23 February Antonio Tejero, with contributors of the Guardia Civil entered the Congress of Deputies, and stopped the session, wherein Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo changed into approximately to be named top minister of the authorities. Officially, the coup d'état failed way to the intervention of King Juan Carlos. Spain joined NATO earlier than Calvo-Sotelo left workplace. Along with political alternate got here radical exchange in Spanish society. Spanish society had been extraordinarily conservative under Franco,[185] but the transition to democracy additionally started out a liberalization of values and social customs.

Valladolid in 1986. A OTAN NO (transl. 'No to NATO') banner can be read on the highrise constructing After earning a sweeping majority at the October 1982 standard election, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) ruled the united states, with Felipe González as top minister. A referendum on whether or not Spain must remain in NATO was held in March 1986. The ruling birthday celebration, the PSOE, favoured Spain's permanence (a flip from their anti-NATO stance back in 1982, a trade of discourse already initiated by means of 1983 and made explicit in 1984).[186] Meanwhile, the Conservative competition (People's Coalition), referred to as for abstention.[187]

The country hosted the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona and Seville Expo '92.